VAT calculator

How much VAT is in a price?

Add VAT to a price or take it out, with the standard and reduced VAT rates of your country.

Price and rate

Country

Calculate

Price without VAT

VAT rate

Price with VAT

£120.00

VAT £20.00 at 20%

Breakdown

Price without VAT: £100.00
VAT 20%: £20.00
Price with VAT: £120.00

VAT rates in United Kingdom

Standard rate: 20%
Reduced rate, includes some energy and heating and children's clothes and car seats: 5%

Checked 14 October 2026

Rates on the official page

Add VAT to a price or take it out, with the standard and reduced VAT rates of your country.

How to use

Choose your country: its standard and reduced VAT rates appear below the result.
Choose Add VAT for a price without VAT, or Remove VAT for a price that already includes it.
Enter the price and pick one of the country's rates, or Other rate to type your own.
Read the price on the other side of the VAT and the VAT amount; copy any line of the breakdown.

How it works

VAT (value added tax, called GST in some countries) is a percentage added on top of a price. Most countries have one standard rate for most goods and services and one or more lower rates for things like food, books or transport. The rate is always a percentage of the price without VAT.

Adding VAT: VAT = net × r / 100 and gross = net + VAT, where r is the rate in percent. Removing VAT from a price that includes it, the VAT is r / (100 + r) of that price, not r% of it: at 20%, £2.40 holds £0.40 VAT, one sixth, and £2.00 without it (HMRC, VAT Notice 700, section 7.3.1).

The EU rates come from the European Commission's Taxes in Europe Database (TEDB), refreshed from it automatically. Other countries' rates come from each tax authority's own current-rates page, which we re-check every quarter. A reduced rate lists what it covers only where the source says so, and covers only some goods or services in each group named.

The rates are the general national ones: regional rates (such as the Canary Islands or Madeira), exemptions and rules for single products are not shown. A country appears only when an official page that is kept up to date could be read; check with your tax authority before you file anything.

Worked example

How much VAT is included in a gross price of 120 at 20%?

Net price: 120 ÷ 1.2 = 100.

VAT included: 120 − 100 = 20.

Frequently asked questions

Why isn't removing 25% VAT the same as taking 25% off?

Because the VAT was 25% of the price without VAT. From a price of 125 that includes 25% VAT, the VAT is 25, which is 20% of 125.

Which rate should I use?

The standard rate unless the product or service is on the country's list for a reduced rate. Each reduced rate here names the groups it covers; the official page linked below the rates has the details.

Why is my country missing?

We list a country only when its tax authority publishes its rates on a page we can read and re-check automatically. You can still enter any rate as Other rate.

Does the United States have VAT?

No. States and local governments set their own sales taxes instead. Enter a sales tax rate as Other rate to add it to a price.

How do I work out the price without VAT?

Divide the price by 1 plus the rate as a decimal: at 21%, 121 ÷ 1.21 = 100, so the VAT is 21. Taking 21% off 121 would give 95.59, which is wrong.

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